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ORA-02291: Integrity constraint violated - parent key not found

What it means

An INSERT/UPDATE on a child table refers to a parent key value that does not exist.

How to fix it

Insert the parent row first (or in the same transaction with a deferrable constraint), and check the value for typos or wrong type conversions. The message names the foreign key constraint.

Catch it before it runs

ORA Error Helper
Explains ORA-/PLS- codes inside JetBrains IDEs and DataGrip.
PL/SQL Lint
Flags risky PL/SQL patterns while you type.
Oracle Plan Reader
Reads execution plans and points at the slow step.
PL/SQL in Practice
Kindle book with practical PL/SQL for working developers.

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Updated 2026-11-12.